1st grade Math Units, Skills, and Practice

1st grade Math Units

Open any unit to see the full lesson path. The summaries below are rendered in static HTML for clear curriculum discovery.

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  1

  Unit 1

  Numbers to 20: Counting and Ordering

  This unit introduces students to counting forward and backward, reading and writing numerals, and comparing and ordering numbers up to 20. It also builds foundational understanding of numerical patterns.

  Counting Forward and Backward within 20Reading and Writing Numbers to 20Comparing and Ordering Numbers to 20

  First steps

  1. 1Count Objects to 10
  2. 2Count Forward to 20
  3. 3Count Backward from 20
  4. 4Find Counting Patterns
  5. 5Match Numerals to Quantities (1-10)
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  2

  Unit 2

  Foundations of Addition: Within 10

  This unit introduces the concept of addition within 10 using various models and strategies. Students will practice counting on and using number bonds, and solve simple word problems.

  Understanding Addition with ModelsAdding by Counting OnNumber Bonds for Sums to 10Addition Word Problems within 10

  First steps

  1. 1Combine Groups of Objects
  2. 2Write Addition Sentences from Models
  3. 3Count On from a Number
  4. 4Count On with a Number Line
  5. 5Identify Parts and Whole (Sum to 5)
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  3

  Unit 3

  Foundations of Subtraction: Within 10

  This unit introduces subtraction as taking away and comparing. Students will link subtraction to addition and solve word problems within 10.

  Understanding Subtraction (Take-Away)Subtraction (Comparing)Relating Addition and Subtraction within 10Subtraction Word Problems within 10

  First steps

  1. 1Take Away Objects to 10
  2. 2Write Subtraction Sentences from Models
  3. 3How Many More / Fewer?
  4. 4Use Addition to Solve Subtraction to 10
  5. 5Take Away (Result Unknown) Word Problems to 10
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  4

  Unit 4

  2D Shapes: Identify and Attributes

  This unit focuses on identifying and describing common two-dimensional shapes, recognizing their attributes like sides and corners, and sorting them by different rules.

  Naming Common 2D ShapesAttributes of 2D ShapesSorting 2D Shapes

  First steps

  1. 1Identify Circles and Squares
  2. 2Identify Triangles and Rectangles
  3. 3Identify Hexagons
  4. 4Count Sides and Corners of 2D Shapes
  5. 5Compare Attributes of 2D Shapes
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  5

  Unit 5

  Numbers to 100: Counting and Place Value

  This unit extends counting and numeration to 100, focusing on place value concepts of tens and ones. Students will read and write numbers and practice skip counting.

  Counting by Tens and Ones to 100Place Value: Tens and OnesReading and Writing Numbers to 100Skip Counting by 10s and 5s

  First steps

  1. 1Count by Tens to 100
  2. 2Count Groups of Tens and Ones
  3. 3Identify Tens and Ones in a Number
  4. 4Model Numbers with Tens and Ones
  5. 5Read Numbers to 100
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  6

  Unit 6

  Addition Strategies: Within 20

  This unit deepens addition skills within 20, introducing strategies like making ten, using doubles, and solving for missing addends.

  Making Ten to AddDoubles and Near DoublesAdding Three NumbersAddition Fact Fluency within 20Missing Addends in Addition Sentences

  First steps

  1. 1Find Pairs that Make 10
  2. 2Use Make Ten Strategy
  3. 3Learn Doubles Facts
  4. 4Use Near Doubles Strategy
  5. 5Add Three Numbers with Visuals
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  7

  Unit 7

  Subtraction Strategies: Within 20

  This unit focuses on developing fluency with subtraction facts within 20, linking strategies to addition and solving for missing numbers.

  Subtracting by Counting BackSubtracting by Making TenSubtraction Fact Fluency within 20Solving for Missing Numbers in Subtraction

  First steps

  1. 1Count Back to Subtract (Up to 5)
  2. 2Break Apart to Make Ten (Subtraction)
  3. 3Fluency Practice: Differences to 15
  4. 4Find Missing Subtrahend (? in 12 - ? = 5)
  5. 5Find Missing Minuend (? in ? - 4 = 6)
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  8

  Unit 8

  Time: Hour and Half-Hour

  This unit teaches students to tell time to the hour and half-hour using both analog and digital clocks, and to understand AM/PM in everyday contexts.

  Understanding Clocks: Analog and DigitalTelling Time to the HourTelling Time to the Half-HourUsing A.M. and P.M.

  First steps

  1. 1Parts of an Analog Clock
  2. 2Read Digital Clocks
  3. 3Match Analog and Digital Clocks (Hour)
  4. 4Tell Time to the Hour (Analog)
  5. 5Understand 'Half Past' and 30 Minutes
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  9

  Unit 9

  Money: Coins and Values

  This unit introduces students to common U.S. coins, their names, and values. They will practice counting groups of like coins and solve simple money problems.

  Identifying Penny, Nickel, DimeCounting Nickels and DimesIdentifying Quarter and Mixed CoinsCounting Mixed Coins up to 100¢Money Word Problems: One-Step Cents

  First steps

  1. 1Identify Penny and Its Value
  2. 2Identify Nickel and Its Value
  3. 3Identify Dime and Its Value
  4. 4Count Nickels by 5s
  5. 5Count Dimes by 10s
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  10

  Unit 10

  Data and Graphs: Collect and Interpret

  This unit introduces students to collecting, organizing, and interpreting data using tally charts, picture graphs, and bar graphs, and basic chance vocabulary.

  Sorting and Organizing DataCreating Picture Graphs and Bar GraphsInterpreting Data from GraphsIntroduction to Line PlotsUnderstanding Chance Vocabulary

  First steps

  1. 1Sort Objects by Attribute
  2. 2Make a Tally Chart
  3. 3Make a Picture Graph
  4. 4Make a Bar Graph
  5. 5Read Data from Picture and Bar Graphs
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  11

  Unit 11

  Comparing and Ordering Numbers to 120

  This unit extends comparing and ordering numbers to 120, introducing the appropriate comparison symbols and language.

  Comparing Numbers to 120Ordering Numbers to 120

  First steps

  1. 1Compare 2-Digit Numbers using Tens and Ones
  2. 2Compare Numbers using <, >, =
  3. 3Order 3 Numbers to 120
  4. 4Order 4 Numbers to 120
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  12

  Unit 12

  Length Measurement: Compare and Iterate

  This unit introduces foundational concepts of length, including direct comparison, ordering objects, and measuring with non-standard units.

  Comparing Length DirectlyOrdering Objects by LengthMeasuring with Non-Standard UnitsIndirect Measurement and Transitivity

  First steps

  1. 1Identify Longer and Shorter
  2. 2Order 3 Objects by Length
  3. 3Iterate a Unit to Measure Length
  4. 4Compare Lengths Using a Third Object
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  13

  Unit 13

  Building with Shapes: Compose and Decompose

  This unit explores how two-dimensional and three-dimensional shapes can be combined to form new shapes or broken down into simpler parts.

  Composing New ShapesDecomposing Shapes into Smaller PartsExploring 3D Shapes (Identify and Attributes)

  First steps

  1. 1Make Rectangles from Squares
  2. 2Compose Shapes using Puzzle Pieces
  3. 3Split Rectangles and Squares
  4. 4Identify Parts of a Whole Shape
  5. 5Identify Cubes and Spheres
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  14

  Unit 14

  Two-Digit Addition: Without Regrouping

  This unit introduces addition with two-digit numbers, focusing on problems that do not require regrouping, building upon place value understanding.

  Adding a 2-Digit Number and a 1-Digit NumberAdding Multiples of TenAdding Two 2-Digit Numbers (No Regrouping)Word Problems with Two-Digit Addition

  First steps

  1. 1Add 2-Digit and 1-Digit Numbers (Models)
  2. 2Add 2-Digit and 1-Digit Numbers (Equation)
  3. 3Add Tens to Tens (e.g., 20 + 30)
  4. 4Add 10 to a 2-Digit Number
  5. 5Add Two 2-Digit Numbers (Models)
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  15

  Unit 15

  Extension: Two-Step Word Problems

  This extension unit challenges students with two-step addition and subtraction word problems, encouraging them to analyze story structures and represent scenarios.

  Solving Add-Add Story ProblemsSolving Subtract-Subtract Story ProblemsSolving Add-Subtract and Subtract-Add ProblemsAnalyzing Two-Step Problems with Diagrams

  First steps

  1. 1Add-Add Problems with Visuals
  2. 2Subtract-Subtract Problems with Visuals
  3. 3Add Then Subtract Word Problems
  4. 4Subtract Then Add Word Problems
  5. 5Draw Bar Models for Two-Step Problems
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  16

  Unit 16

  Extension: Equal Groups and Repeated Addition

  This unit introduces the concept of equal groups and describes them using repeated addition, laying foundational understanding for multiplication.

  Recognizing Equal GroupsDescribing Equal Groups with Repeated AdditionSimple Repeated Addition Story Problems

  First steps

  1. 1Identify Groups with the Same Number
  2. 2Write Repeated Addition Sentences
  3. 3Solve Repeated Addition Word Problems
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  17

  Unit 17

  Mastery Challenge: Money Operations and Problem Solving

  This mastery unit provides advanced practice in counting mixed coins, solving two-step money word problems, and applying comparison skills to real-world money scenarios.

  Advanced Counting Mixed CoinsSolving Money Problems with Two OperationsDetermining if There is Enough Money

  First steps

  1. 1Count Quarters, Dimes, and Nickels
  2. 2Two-Step Add/Subtract Money Problems
  3. 3Enough Money for Multiple Items?
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  18

  Unit 18

  Year-end Synthesis: Fact Families and Number Relationships

  This unit synthesizes understanding of addition and subtraction through fact families, missing number problems, and explaining mathematical reasoning, reinforcing connections across topics.

  Understanding Fact Families to 20True/False Statements and Missing NumbersExplaining Strategies and Justifying AnswersLinking Operations Across Contexts

  First steps

  1. 1Identify Fact Families (within 10)
  2. 2Generate Fact Families (within 20)
  3. 3Identify True/False Statements
  4. 4Solve for Unknowns in All Positions
  5. 5Explain Addition and Subtraction Strategies