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Math curriculum

4th grade Math Units, Skills, and Practice

This 4th grade math curriculum is organized into 17 units, 17 skills, and 85 practice steps. Current topic coverage includes Place Value, Add and Subtract, Multiply, and Divide. Each unit includes guided lesson steps, skill practice, and a clear path to the next concept.

Curriculum Snapshot

Units
17
Skills
17
Steps
85
Questions
4984

4th grade Math Units

Open any unit to see the full lesson path. The summaries below are rendered in static HTML for clear curriculum discovery.

  • 1

    Unit 1

    Place Value and Whole Numbers

    Students read, write, compare, and round whole numbers through 1,000,000. The unit builds number sense with models, expanded form, and reasoning about digit value.

    Read and write numbers to 1,000,000

    First steps

    1. 1Place value chart
    2. 2Standard and word form
    3. 3Expanded form
    4. 4Compare and order numbers
    5. 5Round whole numbers
  • 2

    Unit 2

    Addition and Subtraction with Whole Numbers

    Students build fluent, accurate addition and subtraction with multi-digit whole numbers. They connect place-value strategies, estimation, and written algorithms to solve problems and explain their thinking.

    Add and subtract multi-digit numbers

    First steps

    1. 1Add with place value
    2. 2Add with regrouping
    3. 3Subtract with place value
    4. 4Estimate to check
    5. 5Solve addition and subtraction problems
  • 3

    Unit 3

    Multiplication Concepts and Fluency

    Students develop multiplication fluency and conceptual understanding using arrays, area models, and place-value strategies. The unit strengthens fact recall and multi-digit multiplication reasoning.

    Use facts and properties in multiplication

    First steps

    1. 1Facts with arrays
    2. 2Use multiplication properties
    3. 3Break apart factors
    4. 4Multiply by one-digit numbers
    5. 5Multiply with area model
  • 4

    Unit 4

    Division Strategies and Interpretation

    Students interpret division, use facts and place-value strategies, and solve division problems with remainders. They connect multiplication and division and explain the meaning of remainders in context.

    Divide with facts, models, and remainders

    First steps

    1. 1Division as equal groups
    2. 2Use multiplication to divide
    3. 3Remainders in division
    4. 4Divide using partial quotients
    5. 5Solve division problems
  • 5

    Unit 5

    Factors, Multiples, and Number Patterns

    Students investigate factors, multiples, prime and composite numbers, and numeric patterns. The unit develops algebraic reasoning and supports multiplication and division fluency.

    Find factors, multiples, and patterns

    First steps

    1. 1Find factor pairs
    2. 2Find multiples
    3. 3Prime and composite numbers
    4. 4Generate number patterns
    5. 5Compare two patterns
  • 6

    Unit 6

    Fractions: Foundations and Equivalence

    Students build conceptual understanding of fractions as numbers, compare fractions, and generate equivalent fractions. Visual models and number lines support flexible reasoning.

    Equivalent fractions and comparison

    First steps

    1. 1Fractions on a number line
    2. 2Equivalent fractions with models
    3. 3Generate equivalent fractions
    4. 4Compare fractions
    5. 5Explain fraction reasoning
  • 7

    Unit 7

    Fractions: Mixed Numbers and Improper Fractions

    Students connect mixed numbers and improper fractions and reason about fractions greater than one. The unit uses visual models, number lines, and decomposition of wholes.

    Relate mixed numbers and improper fractions

    First steps

    1. 1Fractions greater than one
    2. 2Mixed to improper fractions
    3. 3Improper to mixed numbers
    4. 4Place mixed numbers on a number line
    5. 5Solve fraction greater-than-one problems
  • 8

    Unit 8

    Add and Subtract Fractions with Like Denominators

    Students add and subtract fractions and mixed numbers with like denominators. The work emphasizes visual meaning, decomposition, and application in context.

    Add and subtract fractions with like denominators

    First steps

    1. 1Add fractions with models
    2. 2Subtract fractions with models
    3. 3Add mixed numbers
    4. 4Subtract mixed numbers
    5. 5Solve fraction story problems
  • 9

    Unit 9

    Decimals and Fraction Connections

    Students represent tenths and hundredths as decimals, relate decimals to fractions, and compare decimal values. The unit emphasizes place value and connections among number forms.

    Understand tenths and hundredths

    First steps

    1. 1Tenths and hundredths models
    2. 2Connect fractions and decimals
    3. 3Compare decimals
    4. 4Decimals on a number line
    5. 5Solve decimal problems
  • 10

    Unit 10

    Measurement Conversions and Time

    Students solve problems involving customary and metric units, elapsed time, and measurement in real contexts. The unit emphasizes equivalence, estimation, and efficient strategies.

    Convert measurements and solve time problems

    First steps

    1. 1Customary conversions
    2. 2Metric conversions
    3. 3Solve measurement problems
    4. 4Elapsed time
    5. 5Estimate and choose units
  • 11

    Unit 11

    Area, Perimeter, and Geometry Foundations

    Students measure and solve problems involving perimeter and area and build geometric vocabulary for lines and polygons. The unit connects formulas to visual models and classification.

    Area, perimeter, lines, and polygons

    First steps

    1. 1Perimeter of shapes
    2. 2Area with square units
    3. 3Use formulas for rectangles
    4. 4Parallel and perpendicular lines
    5. 5Classify polygons and quadrilaterals
  • 12

    Unit 12

    Angles and Geometric Relationships

    Students identify, measure, and reason about angles, including right, acute, and obtuse angles. They explore points, rays, straight angles, and angle relationships along a line.

    Measure and reason about angles

    First steps

    1. 1Points, rays, and angles
    2. 2Classify angle types
    3. 3Measure with a protractor
    4. 4Draw and estimate angles
    5. 5Angles on a straight line
  • 13

    Unit 13

    Data, Graphs, and Line Plots

    Students represent and interpret data using bar graphs, picture graphs, line plots, and tables. They reason about fractional measurement data and introductory ideas of center.

    Interpret and represent data

    First steps

    1. 1Read bar and picture graphs
    2. 2Make line plots
    3. 3Line plots with fraction data
    4. 4Tables and graphing points
    5. 5Describe a typical value
  • 14

    Unit 14

    Expressions, Equations, and Coordinate Graphing

    Students use variables and symbols to represent problems, solve one- and two-step equations in context, and graph ordered pairs in the first quadrant. The unit blends arithmetic structure with algebraic thinking.

    Use expressions, equations, and coordinate pairs

    First steps

    1. 1Write and interpret expressions
    2. 2Solve for an unknown
    3. 3One- and two-step equations in context
    4. 4Use properties to make equivalent expressions
    5. 5Graph points from tables
  • 15

    Unit 15

    Extension: Multi-Step Problem Solving and Strategy Choice

    Students solve richer multi-step problems that combine operations, fractions, measurement, and estimation. The focus is on selecting efficient strategies and justifying why they work.

    Choose and justify strategies in multi-step problems

    First steps

    1. 1Choose a model or equation
    2. 2Solve whole-number chains
    3. 3Combine fractions and measurement
    4. 4Estimate and judge reasonableness
    5. 5Explain why a strategy works
  • 16

    Unit 16

    Stretch: Number Structure and Reasoning

    Students deepen understanding of numerical structure through properties, equivalence, and pattern-based reasoning. Problems emphasize flexible thinking while staying within grade-level content.

    Reason with properties and equivalence

    First steps

    1. 1Compare two solution methods
    2. 2Notice and describe general patterns
    3. 3Use distributive reasoning deeply
    4. 4Use benchmarks across forms
    5. 5Judge and justify equations
  • 17

    Unit 17

    Year-end Synthesis: Mastery Challenge

    Students integrate ideas across the year through cumulative tasks that blend number sense, operations, fractions, geometry, measurement, data, and algebraic reasoning. The unit is designed to consolidate mastery and prepare students for advanced in-grade applications.

    Synthesize grade-level concepts

    First steps

    1. 1Whole numbers and fractions together
    2. 2Geometry and measurement challenge
    3. 3Data and graphing challenge
    4. 4Patterns, equations, and graphing challenge
    5. 5Explain and defend reasoning